Do You Put A Comma Before Or After Quotation Marks

According to The Chicago Manual of Style commas and periods are almost always placed before a closing quotation mark like this rather than after like this. Study the following examples to help you avoid the most common mistakes.

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In British style spacing issues are less pronounced because it uses single quotation marks instead of double and commas and periods are placed outside the quotation marks.

Do you put a comma before or after quotation marks. 2 He said yes and she said no Colons and semicolons always follow closing quotation marks of quoted material. The US and UK Conventions for Commas and Periods Full Stops Are Different Look at the first comma and the final period full stop in the example below. Put commas and periods within quotation marks except when a parenthetical reference follows.

Quotation marks are used only with direct quotes. Thats because in most types of dialogue the quoted material stands apart from the surrounding text. The reason for this convention is to improve the appearance of the text.

Should they be inside or outside the quotation marks. This rule isnt just for speech. Placement of periods question marks and exclamation points with quotation marks When a period or comma is next to an end quotation mark the period or comma must go before the end quotation mark.

Youve got to be carefully taught wrote Oscar Hammerstein II. Rule 4 You can only use a comma ie not a colon after a quotation. It is important to realize also that when you are using MLA or some other form of documentation this punctuation rule may change.

The convention goes back at least to the nineteenth century. Now keep in mind that this comma and period inside the quotation marks business is strictly American usage. Try not to use a comma before and One place where a comma is usually needed however is before the word which.

As a general rule you should use a comma to introduce quoted material or dialogue. In her notebook Sheila wrote that the sun was beet-red but after the game she had seen it disappear over the bleachers. Well it depends what writing convention youre following.

Use a comma after verbs of communication introducing a quotation and between split quotations. Some writers put a comma before a quotation and some leave it out. This traditional style has persisted even though its no longer universally followed outside of the United States and isnt entirely logical.

As for the closing quotation mark American English prefers the comma to be placed before the ending quotation mark. When a comma or period is needed after a quotation publishers in the United States typically put the punctuation mark before the closing quotation mark. Commas or periods always precede closing quotation marks of quoted material.

There is only a choice between a comma and a colon when the quotation is being introduced. Only a comma can be used after a quotation. Question marks can vary depending if the question is part of the quote then the punctuation mark goes inside the quotation marks.

They are inclined to place commas and periods logically rather than conventionally depending on whether the punctuation belongs to the quotation or to the sentence that contains the quotation just as we do with question marks and exclamation points. If the question is not part of the direct quote it goes outside. For quotations which extend beyond one paragraph a quotation mark begins each paragraph and the closing quotation mark is at the end of the last paragraph.

If youre quoting a written source you should still put the quote between quotation marks unless you plan to paraphrase it. The British dont do it that way. In grammatical terms its syntactically independent Here are two examples from the first book in the Game of Thrones series.

Commas and periods directly following quotations always go inside closing quotation marks. This is one of the most common places as an editor where I see people missing out necessary punctuation marks. In all the examples above note how the period or comma punctuation always comes before the final quotation mark.

The short fellow asked Hows the weather up there. He said It will rain today. Either way make sure your writing is consistent.

Use a comma after verbs of communication such as asked or said when they come right before a quote. Unless they are part of the original quotation all marks other than commas or periods are placed outside the quotation marks. Run-in and block quotations.

He said I may forget your name but I never forget a face History is stained with blood spilled in the name of civilization Mullen criticizing the apparent inaction writes Donahues policy was to do nothing 24. 1 There are no ifs ands or buts about it.

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